Vim li cas cov motors synchronous magnet tas mus li thiaj li dhau los ua cov motors tsav tseem ceeb?
Lub cev muaj zog hluav taws xob tuaj yeem hloov lub zog hluav taws xob mus ua lub zog tshuab, thiab hloov lub zog tshuab mus rau lub log los ntawm lub kaw lus kis tau tus mob kom tsav lub tsheb. Nws yog ib qho ntawm cov tshuab tsav tseem ceeb ntawm cov tsheb fais fab tshiab. Tam sim no, cov cav tsav tsheb feem ntau siv hauv cov tsheb fais fab tshiab feem ntau yog cov cav sib txuas tas mus li thiab cov cav sib txuas AC asynchronous. Feem ntau cov tsheb fais fab tshiab siv cov cav sib txuas tas mus li. Cov tuam txhab tsheb sawv cev suav nrog BYD, Li Auto, thiab lwm yam. Qee lub tsheb siv cov cav sib txuas AC asynchronous. Cov cav hluav taws xob sawv cev rau cov tuam txhab tsheb xws li Tesla thiab Mercedes-Benz.
Lub cev muaj zog asynchronous feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm lub stator ruaj khov thiab lub rotor tig. Thaum lub stator winding txuas nrog lub zog AC, lub rotor yuav tig thiab tso zis hluav taws xob. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus yog tias thaum lub stator winding raug energized (alternating current), nws yuav tsim ib lub teb electromagnetic tig, thiab lub rotor winding yog ib lub conductor kaw uas txiav cov stator cov kab induction magnetic hauv lub stator lub teb magnetic tig. Raws li Faraday txoj cai, thaum lub conductor kaw txiav cov kab induction magnetic, tam sim no yuav tsim, thiab tam sim no yuav tsim ib lub teb electromagnetic. Lub sijhawm no, muaj ob lub teb electromagnetic: ib qho yog lub teb electromagnetic stator txuas nrog lub teb alternating current sab nraud, thiab lwm qhov yog tsim los ntawm kev txiav cov kab induction electromagnetic stator. Rotor electromagnetic teb. Raws li Lenz txoj cai, tam sim no induced yuav ib txwm tiv thaiv qhov ua rau ntawm tam sim no induced, uas yog, sim tiv thaiv cov conductors ntawm lub rotor los ntawm kev txiav cov kab induction magnetic ntawm lub stator lub teb magnetic tig. Qhov tshwm sim yog: cov conductors ntawm lub rotor yuav "ntes" nrog lub stator lub rotating electromagnetic teb txhais tau tias lub rotor caum lub rotating magnetic teb ntawm lub stator, thiab thaum kawg lub cev muaj zog pib tig. Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, qhov ceev ntawm lub rotor (n2) thiab qhov ceev ntawm lub stator (n1) tsis sib xws (qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov ceev yog li 2-6%). Yog li ntawd, nws hu ua asynchronous AC motor. Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, yog tias qhov ceev ntawm kev sib hloov yog tib yam, nws hu ua synchronous motor.
Lub cev muaj zog synchronous magnet tas mus li kuj yog ib hom AC motor. Nws lub rotor yog ua los ntawm hlau nrog cov hlau nplaum tas mus li. Thaum lub cev muaj zog ua haujlwm, lub stator raug energized los tsim ib lub magnetic teb tig los thawb lub rotor kom tig. "Synchronization" txhais tau hais tias qhov kev tig ntawm lub rotor thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ruaj khov Qhov ceev yog synchronized nrog qhov ceev tig ntawm lub magnetic teb. Cov motors synchronous magnet tas mus li muaj lub zog-rau-qhov hnyav dua, me dua hauv qhov loj me, sib dua hauv qhov hnyav, muaj lub zog tso zis loj dua, thiab muaj qhov ceev txwv zoo heev thiab kev ua haujlwm nres. Yog li ntawd, cov motors synchronous magnet tas mus li tau dhau los ua lub tsheb fais fab siv dav tshaj plaws niaj hnub no. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum cov khoom siv magnet tas mus li raug kev co, kub siab thiab overload tam sim no, nws cov permeability magnetic yuav txo qis, lossis demagnetization yuav tshwm sim, uas yuav txo qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm lub cev muaj zog magnet tas mus li. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom siv hlau nplaum tas mus li siv cov khoom siv hlau nplaum tas mus li, thiab tus nqi tsim khoom tsis ruaj khov.
Piv nrog rau cov tshuab hluav taws xob sib nqus tas mus li, cov tshuab hluav taws xob asynchronous yuav tsum nqus lub zog hluav taws xob rau kev txhawb nqa thaum ua haujlwm, uas yuav siv lub zog hluav taws xob thiab txo qhov ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab. Cov tshuab hluav taws xob sib nqus tas mus li kim dua vim muaj cov hlau nplaum tas mus li.
Cov qauv uas xaiv AC asynchronous motors feem ntau muab qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua tau zoo thiab siv qhov zoo ntawm cov txiaj ntsig kev ua tau zoo thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm AC asynchronous motors ntawm qhov ceev siab. Tus qauv sawv cev yog Model S thaum ntxov. Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb: Thaum lub tsheb tsav tsheb ntawm qhov ceev siab, nws tuaj yeem tswj hwm kev ua haujlwm ceev thiab kev siv hluav taws xob zoo, txo kev siv hluav taws xob thaum tswj hwm qhov tso zis hluav taws xob siab tshaj plaws;
Cov qauv uas xaiv cov tshuab hluav taws xob sib nqus tas mus li feem ntau yuav muab qhov tseem ceeb rau kev siv hluav taws xob thiab siv cov txiaj ntsig zoo thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob sib nqus tas mus li ntawm qhov ceev qis, ua rau lawv haum rau cov tsheb me thiab nruab nrab. Nws cov yam ntxwv yog qhov me me, lub teeb yuag, thiab lub roj teeb ntev. Tib lub sijhawm, nws muaj kev tswj hwm qhov ceev zoo thiab tuaj yeem tswj tau qhov ua tau zoo thaum ntsib kev pib dua, nres, nrawm dua thiab qeeb dua.
Cov tshuab hluav taws xob sib nqus tas mus li yog cov tseem ceeb. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm "New Energy Vehicle Industry Chain Monthly Database" uas tau tshaj tawm los ntawm Advanced Industry Research Institute (GGII), lub peev xwm teeb tsa hauv tebchaws ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob tshiab tsav tsheb txij lub Ib Hlis mus txog lub Yim Hli 2022 yog kwv yees li 3.478 lab units, nce ntxiv txhua xyoo ntawm 101%. Ntawm lawv, lub peev xwm teeb tsa ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob sib nqus tas mus li yog 3.329 lab units, nce ntxiv txhua xyoo ntawm 106%; lub peev xwm teeb tsa ntawm AC asynchronous motors yog 1.295 lab units, nce ntxiv txhua xyoo ntawm 22%.
Cov tshuab hluav taws xob sib nqus tas mus li tau dhau los ua cov tshuab tsav tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam tsheb thauj neeg hluav taws xob ntshiab.
Los ntawm kev xaiv cov cav rau cov qauv tseem ceeb hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws, cov tsheb fais fab tshiab uas tsim los ntawm SAIC Motor, Geely Automobile, Guangzhou Automobile, BAIC Motor, Denza Motors, thiab lwm yam siv cov cav sib txuas tas mus li. Cov cav sib txuas tas mus li feem ntau siv hauv Suav teb. Ua ntej, vim tias cov cav sib txuas tas mus li muaj kev ua haujlwm qeeb qeeb zoo thiab kev hloov pauv siab, uas tsim nyog rau cov xwm txheej ua haujlwm nyuaj nrog kev pib thiab nres ntau zaus hauv nroog. Qhov thib ob, vim yog cov hlau nplaum tas mus li neodymium hlau boron hauv cov cav sib txuas tas mus li. Cov ntaub ntawv xav tau kev siv cov khoom siv tsis tshua muaj av, thiab kuv lub teb chaws muaj 70% ntawm cov khoom siv tsis tshua muaj av hauv ntiaj teb, thiab tag nrho cov khoom siv NdFeB sib nqus ncav cuag 80% ntawm lub ntiaj teb, yog li Tuam Tshoj xav siv cov cav sib txuas tas mus li magnet tas mus li.
Tesla thiab BMW txawv teb chaws siv cov hlau nplaum sib txuas ua ke thiab AC asynchronous motors los tsim kev koom tes. Los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm cov qauv siv, lub cev muaj zog sib txuas ua ke yog qhov kev xaiv tseem ceeb rau cov tsheb fais fab tshiab.
Tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv hlau nplaum tas mus li suav txog li 30% ntawm tus nqi ntawm cov hlau nplaum tas mus li synchronous motors. Cov khoom siv raw rau kev tsim cov hlau nplaum tas mus li synchronous motors feem ntau suav nrog neodymium hlau boron, silicon hlau ntawv, tooj liab thiab txhuas. Ntawm lawv, cov khoom siv hlau nplaum tas mus li neodymium hlau boron feem ntau yog siv los ua rotor hlau nplaum tas mus li, thiab tus nqi sib xyaw yog li 30%; silicon hlau ntawv feem ntau yog siv los ua customized Tus nqi sib xyaw ntawm lub rotor core yog li 20%; tus nqi sib xyaw ntawm stator winding yog li 15%; tus nqi sib xyaw ntawm lub cev muaj zog yog li 5%; thiab tus nqi sib xyaw ntawm lub cev muaj zog yog li 15%.
Vim li casOSG lub cev muaj zog hlau nplaum tas mus li ntsia hlau cua compressorua haujlwm tau zoo dua?
Lub cev muaj zog sib nqus tas mus li feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm stator, rotor thiab plhaub. Ib yam li cov cav AC ib txwm muaj, lub stator core muaj cov qauv laminated los txo cov hlau poob vim yog eddy tam sim no thiab hysteresis teebmeem thaum lub cev muaj zog khiav; cov windings kuj feem ntau yog peb-theem symmetrical qauv, tab sis qhov kev xaiv parameter txawv heev. Lub rotor ib feem muaj ntau yam duab, suav nrog lub rotor magnet tas mus li nrog lub tawb pib, thiab lub rotor magnet tas mus li uas tau teeb tsa lossis ntsia saum npoo. Lub rotor core tuaj yeem ua rau hauv cov qauv khov kho lossis laminated. Lub rotor muaj cov khoom siv hlau nplaum tas mus li, uas feem ntau hu ua hlau nplaum.
Thaum lub cev muaj zog tas mus li ua haujlwm li qub, lub rotor thiab stator magnetic fields nyob rau hauv lub xeev synchronous. Tsis muaj induced current nyob rau hauv lub rotor ib feem, thiab tsis muaj rotor tooj liab poob, hysteresis, lossis eddy current poob. Tsis tas yuav xav txog qhov teeb meem ntawm rotor poob thiab cua sov. Feem ntau, lub cev muaj zog tas mus li yog powered los ntawm lub frequency converter tshwj xeeb thiab ntuj muaj lub soft start function. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub cev muaj zog tas mus li yog lub cev muaj zog synchronous, uas muaj tus yam ntxwv ntawm kev kho qhov power factor los ntawm qhov muaj zog ntawm excitation, yog li qhov power factor tuaj yeem tsim rau tus nqi teev tseg.
Los ntawm qhov pib ntawm qhov pom, vim yog qhov tseeb tias lub cev muaj zog hlau nplaum tas mus li tau pib los ntawm lub zog hloov pauv zaus lossis lub inverter txhawb nqa, cov txheej txheem pib ntawm lub cev muaj zog hlau nplaum tas mus li yog qhov yooj yim heev; nws zoo ib yam li kev pib ntawm lub cev muaj zog zaus hloov pauv, thiab zam qhov tsis zoo pib ntawm cov cav asynchronous ib txwm muaj.
Hauv ntej, qhov ua tau zoo thiab lub zog ntawm cov hlau nplaum tas mus li tuaj yeem ncav cuag siab heev, cov qauv yooj yim heev, thiab kev ua lag luam tau kub heev hauv kaum xyoo dhau los.
Txawm li cas los xij, qhov poob ntawm qhov ua tsis tiav ntawm kev txhawb zog yog qhov teeb meem tsis zam hauv cov tshuab hluav taws xob tas mus li. Thaum lub zog tam sim no loj dhau lossis qhov kub siab dhau, qhov kub ntawm cov xov hlau ntawm lub cev muaj zog yuav nce tam sim ntawd, qhov tam sim no yuav nce siab, thiab cov hlau nplaum tas mus li yuav poob qhov kev txhawb zog sai sai. Hauv kev tswj hwm lub cev muaj zog tas mus li, lub cuab yeej tiv thaiv tam sim no tau teeb tsa kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob stator winding raug hlawv, tab sis qhov poob ntawm kev txhawb zog thiab kev kaw cov khoom siv yog qhov tsis zam.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Kaum Ob Hlis-12-2023
